This paper presents a simple approach to define the orbit to coordinate with existing one to form a constellation of satellites with discontinuous coverage and reduced revisit time. This approach is based on analyzing the ground track grid to find possibilities, and choosing the optimal result considering practical constraints such as allowed passes duration, consecutive passes interval. The method is applied for Earth observation system with satellites with narrow field of view of payload, orbiting in Sun-synchronous orbit. The advantage of the method is relatively simple and intuitive. The operational orbit of VNREDSat-1 satellite is used as input data and the above method to calculate the second satellite orbit, temporarily called VN-2. The theoretical results are simulated by using some specialized software such as GMAT (General Mission Analysis Tool), Orbitron and STK (Satellite Tool Kit).

Industry 4.0 will certainly affect management and management principles. One is the Total Quality Management which has been the most valid management model in the world for improving organisational efficiency. This article discusses the status of Total Quality Management (TQM) principles in a smart factory and in an Industry 4.0 environment and provides systematic definition to guide managers who have been challenged with dramatic changes with Industry 4.0. A theoretical application position of TQM principles is identified and illustrated which shows TQM principles within vertical and horizontal layers of Industry 4.0 where it is seen that some of the principles become “natural components” rather than “principles”.