This research contains a three-step methodology for identifying the design guidelines that need to be incorporated into an existing ICT good design in order to improve its product’s circularity in six dimensions. This research is intended to support ICT goods designers in determining the best circular design guidelines to be incorporated at the early stage of design in order to improve product design from a circular economy perspective. The method includes a mathematical algorithm for alternative quantification.

Evaluation of substance hazardousness is of large interest. Here a method describing how the total hazards statement indicator (HSI) - associated with any substance - is used to estimate the HSI of CdS, Pb(CN)2, thallium(I) carbonate, several other compounds and a full life cycle inventory of aluminum smelting. The proposed method is based on the following parameters: hazards statement (HS), numerical values for each HS based on class, and calculated values for HS combinations. The proposed HSI method is simple, fast, efficient, low in cost, easy to use and enables risk assessment as regulations change. The HSI method seems also very easy to popularize, and the market has broad application prospects. Two other hazardousness life cycle impact assessment indicators – the ReCiPe (H) Human Toxicity and BEES+ Ecotoxicity in LCIA - give different and similar results compared to HSI for a life cycle inventory of aluminum smelting unit process, respectively. HSI applied to tungsten production shows that the hazardousness of smaller mass flows can indeed be captured. Carbon monoxide is not included in ReCiPe (H) human toxicity or in any other toxicity indicator except BEES+ ecotoxicity. The HSI method does not need guesswork whenever the HSs are known.

The present review compiles the technology for cultivation of oyster mushroom, problems experienced during its cultivation and biofertilizer technology to combat the problems. Mushroom cultivation is a profitable agribusiness. Incorporation of non-conventional crops in existing agricultural system can improve the economic status of the farmer. Mushrooms are thesource of protein, vitamins and minerals and are anticancerous, anti-cholesterol, and anti-tumorous. Sawdust produced highest yield, biological efficiency and number of fruiting bodies, recommended as a best substrate for Oyster mushroom cultivation. Oyster mushroom proved to be one of the easiest to be grown, though it faces yield, nutrient, size issues. Biofertilizer includes certain bacteria such as Azotobacter, Rhizobia and Phosphate solubilizing Bacteria proved to yield better result.